Roland Turner

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Why we treat adults and children differently (and why the Internet doesn't)

A two-panel infographic illustration comparing road safety strategies. The left panel, titled 'ADULT PROTECTION: RULES & SIGNALS', shows an isometric view of a busy city intersection. Adults in business attire cross the street independently on a marked pedestrian crossing, obeying green traffic lights while cars wait at red lights. Some adults are looking at their phones. The scene emphasizes reliance on established rules and traffic signals for safety. The right panel, titled 'CHILD PROTECTION: ACTIVE SUPERVISION & BARRIERS', shows a school crossing. A crossing guard in a high-visibility vest holds up a hand-held 'STOP' sign, physically halting traffic. A line of young children, holding onto a walking rope for guidance, crosses the street under the guard's supervision. 'SCHOOL ZONE' signs with flashing lights are prominently displayed. This scene emphasizes the need for direct supervision, physical barriers, and clear warnings to ensure safety.

In the physical world, almost every human society accepts that children need different protections than adults do. Peter Membrey asks how we can build this online without building a surveillance state.

Consider a busy road:

We do not treat these two scenarios as being the same. Yet, on the Internet, the infrastructure often does. To a network router or an encrypted tunnel, a packet is a packet. The infrastructure treats a 10-year-old being groomed and a 40-year-old whistleblower exactly the same way: with absolute neutrality.

The binary trap

For years, the technical community has viewed child safety with deep suspicion. We often hear it as a dog-whistle for broken encryption or mass surveillance. We fear that in order to protect children we must strip adults of their privacy, turning the Internet into a digital panopticon where everyone is treated like a child.

This is why I am looking forward to Peter Membrey’s keynote address on Tuesday morning.

The keynote: Protecting children online

Peter is the Chief Research Officer at ExpressVPN. In his talk, Protecting Children Online: What Role Can Open Source Play?, he argues that we don’t have to choose between the wild west and 1984.

He is looking for a digital equivalent of the crossing guard.

He explores how we can implement differential protection in technical infrastructure. This means building systems that can identify and block harm directed at children (such as using Internet Watch Foundation lists to block known abuse material) without needing to inspect the private traffic of consenting adults.

Why this matters

This distinction — between a crossing guard who ensures safety for the vulnerable and a checkpoint which demands papers from everyone — is a missing link in our safety debates.

If we can solve this, we can honour the oldest social contract in humanity — protecting the young — without sacrificing the newest: the right to digital privacy.

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Why we treat adults and children differently (and why the Internet doesn't) © 2026 by Roland Turner is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0